Sodium nitrite is also contraindicated for individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient red cells because of the possibility of serious hemolytic reactions ( Way, 1984).
Because carbon monoxide also reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood, administration of sodium nitrite would further aggravate the underlying hypoxic condition. Because methemoglobinemia impairs oxygen transport, sodium nitrite cannot be recommended for fire victims when concomitant exposure of HCN and carbon monoxide usually occurs. A major drawback with sodium nitrite is that it causes serious cardiovascular embarrassment, particularly in children ( Berlin, 1970). Despite this delay in inducing a significant level of methemoglobinemia, reasonable protection offered by sodium nitrite can be attributed to its vasodilatory effects ( Van Heijst and Meredith, 1990). It takes approximately 12 min to generate approximately 40% of methemoglobin after intravenous administration of the recommended dose ( Van Heijst et al., 1987). Sodium nitrite is the most prevalent drug for cyanide poisoning. Flora, in Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents (Second Edition), 2015 Sodium Nitrite It is now believed that it can help with organ transplants and leg vascular problems, while preventing heart attacks and sickle cell disease. In the late 1990s, the National Toxicity Program (NTP) began a review of sodium nitrite and proposed listing sodium nitrite as a developmental and reproductive toxicant, but a report in 2000 by NTP proposed that sodium nitrite is not a toxic substance and removed it from the list of developmental and reproductive toxicants. Studies in the 1990s indicated some adverse effects of sodium nitrite, for instance the potential to cause childhood leukemia and brain cancers. In 1977, the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) considered banning it but the USDA’s final ruling on the additive came out in 1984, allowing its use. Sodium nitrite was developed during the 1960s. Over the years, sodium nitrite has raised some concerns about its safety in foods, but it remains in use and there are indications that it may actually be healthy. Industrial production of sodium nitrite is primarily by the absorption of nitrogen oxides into aqueous sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide. Sodium nitrite has been synthesized by several chemical reactions that involve the reduction of sodium nitrate. Both are preservatives used in processed meats, such as salami, hot dogs, and bacon. Sodium nitrite is similar in name and use to sodium nitrate. Khaksar, in Encyclopedia of Toxicology (Third Edition), 2014 Background (Significance/History)
0 kommentar(er)
